Jenny hamilton suverkrof



Sept. 11, 1923. -Re. 15,684

- E. A. SUVERKROP YLAPPING MACHINE Original Filed March 23 7 lllu - lapping Rei aaued Sept. 11, .1923.

" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ED ARD A. suvnnxaor, or am CLIFF, new you; nmrn'ron suvnnxaor,

.ADMINISTRATRIX OF SAID EDWARD A. SUVERKROP, DECEASED,

JENNY HAIILTON BUVERKBOP, 01 SEA CLIFF, NEW YORK.

ASSIGNOB TO LAPPING MACHINE.

Original application filed arms 23, 1917, Serial 110.156.853. Renewed January 2, 1918, Serial No. 210,072. Original Io. 1,257,046, dated February 19, 1918. Application tor reissue filed January 10, 1920. semi n. 851,956.

To all whom it may concern. Be it known; that L'Eowano A. SUvnnxnor, a citizen of the United States, residin at Sea Cliif, in the county of Nassau an State of New York, have invented a new and useful Im rovement in Lapping Machines, of which t i fication.

This invention relates to the making of gage blocksand the like metal pieces which are required to be very accurate as to thickness, and as to the parallelism, flatness and smoothness of their opposite surfaces.

The object of the present invention is to provide mechanism which will lap hard metal in such manner that gage blocks as satisfactory as standard hand made gages can be produced, having extremely accurate dimensions and parallel, flat and smooth opposite surfaces in a short time with a minimum amount of labor and by relatively unskilled persons.

Broadly, apparatus for attaining this end has two flat lapping lates either made of or charged with abrasive material, and one or both bein movable'toward and from the other, wit means for guiding and maintaining these lappingv plates against rotation, means. for setting the lapping plates :1 positive distance apart and insuring their stopping when approaching at an exact distance from each other, a work plate for holding the pieces to be lapped between the plates, and mechanism for imparting re ative compound movement or movement in more than one direction between the ,work plate and the lapping plates, and desirablyat .difierent speeds, in order that portion of the surfaces to be lapped every she] be subjected to the action of'the en: 8

tire lappin surfaces, and thus eliminate material y t e wear of the laps and reduce any heating or peening effect and insure uniform abrasion of the pieces lapped-so that the product will be extremely acurate in dimensions, parallelism, flatness and smoothness and'yet be relatively che'a The upper lap plate moves towar' s the "lower one solely underv the force 'of vity, this being of advantage in thatthe rate at ping operation to insure e following is a specivertical bores that have a sliding which the upper plate moves is determined by the rate at which the lapping operation proceeds and the upper plate is free to drop so that the stops, hereinafter described, become effective at the termination of the lap parallelism of the apping surfaces.

Of the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 shows a plan of a machine that embodies the invention, in which the lap plates are annular and stationary while the work holding plate is circular and is rotated rapidly on an axis that is revolved slowly so that the lapped ieces will travel in an hypocycloidal path tween the lapping surfaces of the lap plates.

Fig. .2 shows a side elevation of this machine.

Fig. 3 shows a plan with the upper lap plate removed. F

Fig. 4 shows a. central vertical section of the machine.

Fig. 5 shows a section of portions of two annular plates that may be used on the machine for preliminary lapping and grinding and bringing the pieces to be lapped to approximate size.

Themachine illustrated has a cylindrical casing 1 mounted on a stationary bed 2. Resting on a flange 3 near the uper end of the casing is the annular lowera plate 4. The upper surface 5 of this lap plate may be formed of or charged in the usual way with abrasive material. At three points about the sides of the lower lap plate are hubs 6 with vertical bores' .In these bores and extending upwardly from the hubs are guide posts 7 that may secured with their upperends at any desired height by clamps The annular upper lap plate 9, which has with abrasive material, has hubs 11 with fit on the guide osts'whi'ch are clamped in the hubs of theower lap plate. Sleeves 12 are shown as screwed onto the upper ends of the hubs 11, and turning in the'top ends of these sleeves toward and from the upper ends of the guide posts are micrometer stopscrews its lower surface 10 formed of or'charged ard gage blocks 13. Openings 14 are made transversely through the sleeves so that the upper ends of the guide posts and the lower ends of the stop screws may be observed and stand placed between these parts. r

In the tapering bore of the casing a rotatable conical sleeve 16 is fitted. This sleeve may be rotated in the casing by any suitable means as, for instance, it may have on its lower end a spiral gear or worm wheel 17 engaged by a spiral inion or worm 18 on a shaft' 19 that may venient means so as to rotate the conical sleeve slowly. Extending through the rotatable sleeve and having its axis eccentric with relation to the axis of the sleeve is a shaft 20. Anti-friction bearings 21 may be provided for su porting this shaft in the sleeve. On the ower end of the eccentric shaft is a pulley 22 which may be driven by any convenient means so as to rotate the shaft rapidly. Fixed on the shaft at the upper end of the sleeve is a collar 23 and fastened to this by any suitable means, as screws 24, is the work holding plate 25. Washers 26 are located on the shaft between the collar and work plate so as to locatethe work plate in proper position for eflicient service between the lower and upper lap plates. The work plate in this type of machine is circular and is provided with a number of recesses arranged annularly near its periphery, and in these recesses are placed the pieces or blocks 27 to be lapped.

In using the machine illustrated before the work plate is placed in position the upper lap plate is placed on the guide posts with its lappin surface resting flatly on the lapping sur ace of the lower lap plate.

With the lap plates together in thisinanner a and the stop screws are turned down until they impinge on the upper ends of the guide posts. The upper lap plate is then lifted off and the work plate secured in position on the shaft with the pieces to be lapped in the openings provided therefor, after which the upper lap plate is again put in place on the guide posts and standard gage blocks of the thickness to which the blocks carried by the work plate are to be reduced by lapping are placed between the upperends of the guide posts and the lower ends of the stop screws. As the blocks to be lapped are, of course, over size the lower ends of the stop screws are a slight distance above the tops of the standard gage-blocks on the upper ends of the guide posts. After the machine has been set in operation the work plate is rotated rapidly by means of the pulley and shaft at the same time the sleeve is rotated slowly by means of the spiral gears. This carries the axis of the rapidly rotatin shaft slowly around in a circle, the radius of which is equal to the distance. between the axis of driven by any con-.

the sleeve and the axis of the solid shaft. As a result of these motions the work plate is, while rapidly rotated, slowly revolved so that the pieces being lapped, while carried rapidly around between the lapping surfaces of the two lap plates, are slowly carriedin and out between the inner and outer edges of the lapping surfaces of the lapplates and because of this movement the pieces to be lapped probably do not traverse precisely the same path a second. time and therefore their path of travel may be convenient] described as constantly changing or unde ned. By means of this all the surfaces lapped are subjected to everyportion of the lapping surfaces. The lapping is continued until as the pieces are worn away the lower ends of the micrometer screws reach and impinge upon the upper surfaces of the standard gages on the uide posts, then, of course, as the upper p ate cap descend no farther the lapping of the pieces ceases.

With this type of machine both the upper and lower lap plates, the lapping surfaces of which are made of granular abrasive material, may be removed and the machine provided with lapping or grinding plates, such as shown in Fig. 5, for preliminary grinding; In this case the lower and upper plates 28 and 29 may be grooved and rings of India oil stone 30 and 31 or other suitable grinding material may be cemented in the grooves of the rings. With the machine set up in this way the pieces to be formed into gage blocks, and which have previously been hardened and ground on a surface grinder to, say, within .001 of an inch of finished size, maybe lapped so as to bring the pieces to approximately .0001 or .0002 of an inch over the finished size. The pieces having been reduced to or charged with hard.

this size are then lapped in the same'maare heated and peened equally and simultaneously, and this insures that their opposite surfaces be smooth, flat planes that are parallel.

In accordance with the provision'of the Patent Statutes, I have described the principle'of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consi er to re resent the best embodiment thereof but I esire to have it understood that the appai be decreased, means for guiding the lap plates as they move one towards the other, adjustable stops for limiting the closing to gether of the lapping surfaces, a work plate between the lap plates, and means for imparting relative movement between the lap plates and the work plate inmore than one direction, whereby the opposite surfaces of the pieces carried by the work plate will be subjected to the abrasive action of the lapping surfaces of the lap plates. I

2. A lapping machine having parallel lap plates-with flat abrasive opposing surfaces mounted so the distance between them can be decreased, means for guiding the lap plates as they move one towards the other, adjustable stops for limiting the closing together of the lapping surfaces, 21 work plate between the lap plates, and'means for moving the work plate between the lap plates in more than one direction, whereby the opposite surfaces of the pieces carried by the work plate will be subjected to the abrasive action of the lapping surfaces of the-lap plates. t

3. A lapping machine having parallel lap plates with fiat abrasive opposing surfaces mounted so the distance between them can be decreased, means for guiding the lap plates as they move one towards the other, adjustable sto s for limiting the closing to gether of the flipping surfaces, a work plate between the lap plates, and means for im parting relative rotary movement between the lap plates and the work plate in more than one direction, whereby the oppositesurfaces of the pieces carried bythe work plate will be subjected tothe abrasive action of the lapping surfaces of the la-p plates.

4. A lapping machine having parallel lap plates with flat abrasive opposing surfaces mounted so the distance between them can be decreased, means for guiding the lap plates as they move one vtowards the other,

- adjustable stops for limiting the closing'together of the lapping surfaces, 0. work plate between the lap plates, and means for rot'ating the work plate about its axis and revolving the axis of the work plate between the lap plates, whereby the opposite surfaces of the pieces carried by the work nlate will be subiected to the abrasive action of the lapping surfaces of the lap plates,

, said lap p 5. A lapping machine having parallel lap plates with flat abrasive opposing surfaces, one lap plate being stationary and theoth'er movable toward the stationary plate, guides for the movable late mounted on the stationary plate, ad ustable stops mounted on the movable plate for limiting the closing of said movable plate toward the stationary plate, a work plate between the lap plates, and means for rotating the work plate about its axis and revolving the axis of the work plate between the lap plates, .whereby the opposite surfaces of the pieces carried by the work plate will be subjected to the abrasive action of the lapping surfaces of the lap plates.

6. A lapping machine having parallel removable annular lap plates with flat abrasiveopposing surfaces mounted so the dis-' tance between them can be decreased, means for guiding the lap plates as they move one towards the other, adjustable stops for limitin the closing together of thev lapping sur aces, a work plate between the lap plates, and means for rotating the work plate about its axis and revolving the axis of the work plate between the lap plates, whereby the opposite surfaces of the pieces carried by the work plate will be subjected to the abrasive action of the lapping surfaces of the lap plates.

7. A lapping machine havin arallel removable annular lap plates with at abrasive opposing surfaces mounted so the distance between them can be decreased, means for guiding the lap plates as they move one towards the other, adjustable stops for limitin the closing together of the lapping sur aces, a work plate between'the lap plates, and means for rapidly rotating the wor plate about its axis and slowly revolving the axis of the work plate between the lap plates, whereby the opposite surfaces .of the pieces carried by the work plate will be subjected to the abrasive action of the lapping surtaces of-the lap plates.

8. A lapping machine having non-rotatable. lap plates with abrasive opposing surfaces movable one towards the other during the lapping operation, a work plate between said lap plates, and means for moving said work plate in a constantly changing path.

9. A la ping machine having non-rotatable paral el lap plates with abrasive opposing surfaces movable one towards theotherduring the lapping operation, a rotatable work plate between said lap plates, and.

means for moving the work plate in a constantly changing path.

10. A lapping machine having non-rotatable lap plates with abrasive opposin surfacesmovable one towards the other uring the lappin operation, a work plate between fines, means for rapidly rotating non-rotatable said work plate about its own axis, and means for slowly revolving the axis of said work plate. 4

11. A lapping machine having a fixed horizontally disposed lap plate, a second non-rotatable lap plate movable under the force of gravity towards said first la plate during the lapping operation, a wor plate. between said la plates, and means for moving said work p ate.

12. A-lapping machine having an instru-' mentality comprising a pair of lap plates one movable under the force of gravity towards the other during the lapping operation, an instrumentality comprising a work holder positioned between said lap plates, means IOI' holding one of said instrumentalities against-rotation, andmeans for moving the other instrumentality in a constantly changing pat-h.

13. A lapping machine having non-rotatable lap plates one movable towards the other under the force of gravity during the lapping operation, means for guiding the movable lap plate, a 'work plate between said lap plates, and means for imparting relative movement between said work pla.e and lap plates.

14. A lapping machine having a horizontally disposed non-rotatable lap plate, a second lap plate above the first one and movable towards the same under the force of gravity, means for guiding said movable plate, a work plate between said lap" plates, and means for moving said work plate in a constantly changing path.

15. A lapping machine having lap plates movable one towards the other during the lap ing operation, a work plate between d lap plates, means for imparting relative movement between said work plateand lap plates, and means for insuring parallelism of the lapping surfaces of said lap plates at the termination of the lapping operation.

16. A lapping machine having non-rotatable lap plates movable one towards the other during the lapping operation, a movable work plate between said lap plates, and

means for insu'rin arallelism of the lap ping surfaces of said ap plates-at the termination of the lapping operation.

1' 7. A lapping machine having lap plates movable one towards the other during the lapping operation, a work plate between said lap plates, means for imparting relative movement between said work plate -and lap plates and adjustable means for insurin parallelism of the lapping surfaces of sai lap plates at the terminatlon of the lapping operation.

18. A lapping machine having non-rotatable lap plates movable one towards the other during the lapping operation, a work plate between said lapping plates, means for moving said work plate, and stops for limiting the closing together of said lap plates and insuring parallelism thereof at the termination of the lapping operation.

19. A lapping machine" having a pair of parallel lap plates with abrasive opposing surfaces mounted so as to move one towards the other during the lapping operation, a

work plate between said lap plates, means for imparting relative movement between said work plate and lap plates, and three angularly disposed stops for limiting the closing together of the lapping surfaces and insuring parallelism thereof at the termination of the lapping operation.

20. A lapping machine having lap plates movable one towards the other under the force of gravit during the lapping operation, a work pate between said lap plates, means for moving said. work plate, and means for insuring parallelism of the lapping surfaces of said plates at the termination of the lapping operation.

21. A lapping machine having lap plates with oppos ng flat abrasive surfaces and mounted to freely adjust themselves as to parallelism, a work plate between said lap plates' and having openings therein for blocks to be lapped, means for efiectin relative bodily movement between said wor plate and the lap plates, and stops for limiting the closing to ther of said lap plates.

EDWA D A. SUVERKROP. 

